| McAdam | improved road building |
| Gutenberg | printing press |
| Kay | flying shuttle |
| Hargreaves | spinning jenny |
| Watt | steam engine |
| Monasteries set an example for factories in strict discipline and precise work duties. | true |
| The Crusades decreased Europe’s interest in travel and trade. | false |
| Industrialized methods and inventions were used first in England in the_______industry. | fabric |
| Two raw materials needed by early industry were cotton and coal. | true |
| People who individually bought ownership in a corporation were called: | stockholders |
| The disadvantages of factory life were endured largely by______. | children |
| Factories were first powered by________then changed to______ power. | water, steam |
| The Crusades were led by Catholic Turks to free the Holy Land from Muslim control. | false |
| The production of goods by trained workers was necessary for trade to increase. | true |
| Before the Industrial Revolution, craftsmen commonly worked at home. | true |
| Many skilled workers and artisans left their trades and went to work in the factories. | true |
| Steam locomotives provided a faster and safer means of transporting goods. | true |
| The basic requirements needed by a nation for industrial growth are: | work force, natural resources, sufficient capital |
| Early factors influencing the Industrial Revolution included: | crusades, monasteries, capitalism of bankers |
| Changes brought about by the Industrial Revolution included: | increased production, cheaper goods, better products |
| The early days of the Industrial Revolution: | improved the economy, stifled the common man |
| The following industrial advantages enabled England to lead the way in Europe’s Industrial Revolution: | a sufficient work force, enough natural resources, enough willing investors to invest in the industry |
| What advantages did the steam engine bring to industry? | Enabled factories to be built away from water sources, boosted distribution, and increased production |
| Crusades | wars to capture the Holy Land |
| Fulton | Clermont |
| Whitney | cotton gin |
| Stephenson | Rocket |
| Industrial Revolution | change from hand to machine |
| The system of standardized parts made possible the replacing of broken or worn parts instead of replacing the whole product | true |
| Stockholders chose directors and enforced company policies. | false |
| Factories were first powered by water and later by steam. | true |
| Ford’s assembly-line production greatly reduced cost per unit | true |
| Major goals of corporations were to eliminate competition and to increase profits. | true |
| Cooper | Tom-Thumb |
| Ford | assembly line production |
| Bell | telephone |
| Field | transatlantic cable |
| Whitney | standardized parts |
| Howe | sewing machine |
| The world-wide change from manual labor to machines was called the (, , , ) Revolution. | Industrial Revolution |
| The merging of several businesses into one is called a(n) | consolidation |
| The European nation taking the lead in industry was: | England |
| The main investors in the early industry of the United States were New England | businessman |
| The United States’ first national road was called the _____ Road. | Cumberland |
| At the time of the Civil War, the Northern economy was_______ , but the Southern economy was largely_______ | industrial, agricultural |
| The exclusive control of a product by a business is called a(n)_______of that product. | monopoly |
| Early European factors that led to the birth of industry were: | The crusades, monasteries, early capitalism |
| Early American industry was given a boost by: | war, transportation and communication improvements, new power sources, The embargo act, new production methods |
| Measures controlling the practices of corporations included: | The Federal Trade Commission, the antitrust laws, Clayton antitrust act, labor laws |
| Corporations found success in using: | modern machinery, superior production methods, disciplined organization and management |
| What factors and attitudes made the United States ripe for industrial growth? | America’s abundant working class, natural resources, willing investors, and its desire to be better than England |
| Name two sources of power available to industry by the early 1900s. | electrical, oil power |
| McAdam | improved road construction |
| McCormick | reaping machine |
| Wright | airplane |
| Edison | light bulb |
| Drake | oil well |
| Watt | steam engine |
| urbanization | mass movement to the city |
| free enterprise | freedom of private business to compete and to operate for a profit |
| laisezz-fairre | opposed government intervention in private business |
| socialism | collective or government ownership of production and distribution |
| collective bargaining | negotiations between labor and management |
| capitalism | private ownership and distribution of goods competitively in a free market |
| The Communist Manifesto is considered an important work on socialism. | true |
| Marx and Engels wrote of the deplorable factory conditions in England | false |
| Communists agree with the free enterprise system. | false |
| Communists believe in the seizure of government by peaceful means. | false |
| Labor unions gave a voice against employer abuse to factory workers. | true |
| The law of supply and demand is foundational to a_______economy. | laissez-faire |
| Factors improving the lives of factory workers included: | labor improvement laws, books by Dickens and Disraeli, and labor unions |
| Social changes resulting from the Industrial Revolution included: | urbanization, growing socialism, poor working and living conditions |
| What were the factors that gave rise to Communism? | The many injustices and abuses of the working class by wealthy industrialists |
| stockholders | investors in corporations who share in the profits |
| consolidation | merger of several businesses into one |
| assembly line | the piece by piece assembling of a product |
| monopoly | exclusive control of a product |
| Federal Trade Commision | controlled corporation practices |
| standardized parts | interchangeable parts |
| Industrial Revolution | change from manual labor to machine |
| Factory workers had their grievances heard through a process called: | collective bargaining |
| Taxes placed on imported goods to raise their prices are called _____. | tariffs |
World History: The Industrial Revolution
June 11, 2020